Term Comparisons
Special education is full of terms that sound similar but mean very different things. These side-by-side guides break down the key differences so you know exactly what applies to your child.
IEP vs. 504 Plan
Both protect students with disabilities, but they come from different laws and offer different levels of support. Understanding the difference is critical for choosing the right path for your child.
FBA vs. BIP
These two go hand-in-hand. An FBA figures out WHY a behavior is happening; a BIP creates a plan to address it. You can't have an effective BIP without a thorough FBA.
IDEA vs. Section 504
Two different federal laws that both protect students with disabilities — but with very different scopes, eligibility criteria, and enforcement mechanisms.
Accommodation vs. Modification
Both help students with disabilities access education, but they work very differently. This distinction matters because modifications can affect grading, diplomas, and standardized testing.
Mediation vs. Due Process Hearing
When you disagree with the school, these are two formal dispute resolution options under IDEA. They're very different in tone, cost, and outcome.
Specific Learning Disability vs. Intellectual Disability
These two disability categories are often confused but are fundamentally different. Understanding the distinction affects eligibility, services, goals, and educational placement.
Inclusion vs. Mainstreaming
Both involve educating children with disabilities alongside their non-disabled peers, but the philosophy and implementation are quite different.
Independent Educational Evaluation (IEE) vs. School Evaluation
Parents have the right to an outside evaluation if they disagree with the school's findings. Knowing your IEE rights is one of the most powerful tools in your advocacy toolkit.
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