Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Disability CategoriesDefinition
A neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity that interfere with functioning. In schools, students with ADHD may qualify for special education under the "Other Health Impairment" category or for a 504 Plan. There are three presentations: predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, and combined.
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An IDEA disability category for students with limited strength, vitality, or alertness — including heightened alertness to environmental stimuli — due to chronic or acute health problems. ADHD is the most common condition qualifying under OHI. Other conditions include epilepsy, diabetes, Tourette syndrome, and sickle cell anemia.
A plan developed under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act that outlines the accommodations and modifications a student with a disability needs to access education equally. Unlike an IEP, a 504 Plan does not require specialized instruction — it focuses on removing barriers and ensuring equal access in the general education setting.
A set of mental skills that include working memory, flexible thinking, and self-control. Executive function skills help with planning, organizing, managing time, paying attention, switching focus, and regulating behavior. Difficulties with executive function are common in students with ADHD, ASD, and learning disabilities.
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